Objective:
-I needed an input device that could provide some additional buttons
for my Carputer.
-I needed an volume & menu control knob, using common keys did not
give me the linear,
fast control I needed.
-(on-screen volume slider on touch sensitive display was not good
enough, because it consumed display space.)
-I wanted a circuit that could notify my computer about low
battery voltage, and hibernate it in time.
-I wanted a circuit that could detect when stopped the engine, so
the computer could offer to hibernate automaticly.
-I hoped to avoid the need of own USB driver, so it
had
to be HID compliant device.
The result:
The
following information, PCB , component list, schematics, is free for
personal use.
This
page contains all information you need to build this device.
The PIC16c745 is an OTP (one time
programmable) device. You can program one yourself, but you need an
programmer that can do it, and do it right on first try.
This is why I offer to sell preprogrammed
16c745 and the SMD resonator - because these are the parts people may
have trouble finding.
Schematic:
The "optional" circuit is used to detect low battery voltage -
this triggers a software warning, and then hibernates the carputer.
The battery sensing circuit - takes only 2.5mA with a 5K resistor , (I
recommend 15K - but I did not had it @home when I built this device)
2.5mA is so little, that even that won't depleat your battery for
weeks. (if always connected directly to car's battery).
Component list:
Part Value
C1
10n
C2+C3 10u
C4
200n
D1
1N4004
R1
1k5
R2...R9 10k
R10
47k
R11+R12 10k
R22
15k trimpot SP19L
U$1
16C745 DIL28
U$2
6Mhz Resonator (SMD)
VolKnob =binary counting rotating, stepping knob (optional)
PCB Layout (manual design)
PCB file :
Home made PCB
Assembled and working :
Pinput (on
the picture above)
DIAG - (RA5) When this jumper is
removed, the device enter diagnostic mode.
JP1 - 1 - GND
JP1 - 2 - RC6
JP1 - 3 - RC7
JP1 - 4 - RB0
JP1 - 5 - RB1
JP1 - 6 - RB2
JP1 - 7 -
RB3
JP1 - 8 - RB4
JP1 - 9 - RB5
JP1 - 10 - RB6
JP1 - 11 -
RB7
JP3 -1
- GND
JP3 -2
- RC2
JP3 -3 - RC1
JP3 -4 - RC0
Volknob -1 - +5Volt
Volknob -1 - Button (RA4)
Volknob -1 - Vol0 (RA3)
Volknob -1 - Vol1 (RA2)
The IC in the pictures is an windowed
edition.
It is used it
for development, windowed edition (JW) is ceramic & gold
plated, and is UV erasable, and way more expensive.
Downloads:
Schematic
PCB
PCB Layout
PCB Print File (PCL ->
just dump it to any PCL compatible printer)
Software (burn on a PIC16C745)
Inputs & what code(keypress) they send.:
Inputs RA0 and RA1 - checked each 5 seconds
This input pins are used for reporting low car battery voltage ,
ignition, or other signals
when active, they will ONLY send the key once each ~5'th second -
in order to avoid "spamming" the system with key presses that signal a
state that might be permanent
RA0 - Active low , Sends
ALTGR-F8
- Active when battery voltage drops to 10volts. (or any preset voltage)
RA1 - Active low , Sends
ALTGR-F7
-
Input RA5 - Diagnostic mode
When this pin is NOT connected to GND (or jumper "Diag" is
removed)
all keys sent to computer are sent as normal keys, as if ALTGR was
released.
This allows simple testing - just pop up notepad and you can see all
incoming keys in plain text.
Inputs RA2...RA4 . Volume & menu knob inputs
RA2 - Active high , Sends
ALTGR-A
-Volume wheel- signal 1
RA3 - Active high , Sends ALTGR-B
-Volume wheel- signal 2
RA4 - Active high , Sends ALTGR-C
-Volume wheel- button
The RA2 and RA3 reacts to change, when the bit-pattern is changing, one
character is sent for each direction.
These inputs are used with a digital volume knob, the knob is a binary
2 bit counter , it count up when turned one way, and down when turned
the other way, It can also be pushed, (as a button).
The volume knob acts like this , each step means one rotation to
right.:
Vol0
Vol1
NC
NC
NC
GND
GND
GND
GND
NC
This way, the 2 bit shifting mechanism provides reliable speed
& direction detection.
Inputs RB0 ... RB4 can receive any bit combination, and send
unique code for each combination
ALL RBx ports have internal pull ups, this means they are active when
connected to GND
RB0 (Bit mapped input bit 0) - these five bits can
take up to 31 buttons
RB1 (Bit mapped input bit 1)
RB2 (Bit mapped input bit 2)
RB3 (Bit mapped input bit 3)
RB4 (Bit mapped input bit 4)
Here is the map:
RB
bit#
RB bit#
43210
Sends
43210 Sends
-------------------------------------------------------------
11111 N/A
01111 ALTGR-T
11110
ALTGR-9
01110 ALTGR-S
11101
ALTGR-8
01101 ALTGR-R
11100
ALTGR-7
01100 ALTGR-Q
11011
ALTGR-6
01011 ALTGR-P
11010
ALTGR-5
01010 ALTGR-O
11001
ALTGR-4
01001 ALTGR-N
11000
ALTGR-3
01000 ALTGR-M
10111
ALTGR-2
00111 ALTGR-L
10110
ALTGR-1
00110 ALTGR-K
10101
ALTGR-Z
00101 ALTGR-J
10100
ALTGR-Y
00100 ALTGR-I
10011
ALTGR-X
00011 ALTGR-H
10010
ALTGR-W
00010 ALTGR-G
10001
ALTGR-V
00001 ALTGR-F
10000
ALTGR-U
00000 ALTGR-E
Example : If RB bit 0 and RB bit#1 is pulled to GND, then
USB gets
ALTGR-7
Inputs RB5...RB7
RB5 , when pulled to GND - Sends "ALTGR-F9"
RB6 , when pulled to GND - Sends "ALTGR-F10"
RB7 , when pulled to GND - Sends "ALTGR-F11"
Inputs RC0...RC2
RC0 - Active Low, sends ALTGR-,
RC1 - Active Low, sends ALTGR-.
RC2 - Active Low, sends ALTGR-/
RC6 - Active Low, sends ALTGR-F7
RC7 - Active Low, sends ALTGR-F8
